Objective To explore the value of using different syphilis serological tests in the diagnosis of syphilis. Methods From June 2022 to May 2024, a study was conducted on 3 852 individuals who underwent both premarital medical examinations and pre pregnancy eugenics health examinations at the Maternal and Child Health Center in our district. Blood samples were collected from the subjects and subjected to colloidal gold method (TP), rapid plasma reactive ring card test (RPR), and chemiluminescence method (CLIA). The detection rate, diagnostic efficacy, and staging detection of each protocol were analyzed based on the comprehensive evaluation results as the gold standard. Results The 3 852 serum samples were preliminarily screened for syphilis antibodies, with 37 positive cases detected by colloidal gold method (positive detection rate 0.96%), 25 positive cases detected by RPR method (positive detection rate 0.65%), and 41 positive cases detected by CLIA method (positive detection rate 1.06%). A total of 42 samples were preliminarily screened for syphilis antibodies (positive detection rate 1.09%), and finally confirmed by TPPA as positive for syphilis antibodies in 39 cases (positive detection rate 1.01%). There was no significant difference in the positive detection rates of colloidal gold method, CLIA method, and colloidal gold method+CLAI+RPR (P>0.05), and all were higher than the positive detection rate of RPR, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Using TPPA detection results as the gold standard, there was no significant difference in sensitivity and accuracy among colloidal gold method, CLIA method, colloidal gold method+CLAI+PRR (P>0.05), and all were higher than RPR, with statistical significance (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in specificity among several methods (P>0.05). Conclusions In marriage, pregnancy check syphilis screening with colloidal gold detection quick test report, then use CLIA method detection, positive RPR detection, combined use of three methods can guarantee rapid, sensitive, accurate and effective, syphilis screening minimize the possibility of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, for early detection of syphilis infection, provide timely intervention