Postpartum uterine contraction pain is a common physiological phenomenon in the early stage of the postpartum period, mainly manifested as paroxysmal severe pain in the lower abdomen caused by uterine contractions, usually appearing 1-2 days after delivery and lasting 2-3 days. Although it is a physiological phenomenon, its intense pain may have a significant impact on the physical and mental health of the mother, such as causing emotional problems such as anxiety and depression, as well as physiological discomfort such as decreased sleep quality and appetite, thereby reducing the postpartum quality of life of the mother. In recent years, with the transformation of medical concepts and the advancement of nursing techniques, significant progress has been made in the prevention, treatment, and care of postpartum uterine contractions. This article systematically summarizes the latest progress in postpartum uterine contraction pain from three aspects： prevention, treatment, and nursing. It also points out that future research should further explore personalized treatment and nursing, optimization of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy, long-term follow-up and effect evaluation, application of intelligent nursing technology, and deepening of psychological nursing to further improve the quality of postpartum life of mothers.