目的 探索对小儿支气管肺炎患儿应用吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液联用儿童清咽解热口服液治疗下第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）、用力肺活量（FVC）、最大呼气中段流量（MMEF）水平的影响。方法 对南安市妇幼保健院2023年7月至2024年10月期间收治的104例儿童支气管肺炎患者进行回顾性研究分析,根据施治方式的不同,将患儿分为对照组（n=52）和联用组（n=52）。对照组采用吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液治疗,联用组则在对照组的基础上联合使用儿童清咽解热口服液治疗。对相关指标进行对比分析。结果 联用组治疗后的肺功能水平、临床症状消失时间均优于对照组（P<0.05）。在安全性评估方面,各组患儿出现不良反应的整体发生率,统计学分析显示差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液与儿童清咽解热口服液联用能够改善小儿支气管肺炎患儿的肺功能指标FEV1、FVC、MMEF水平,且恢复时间快,安全性良好。

Objective To explore the effects of nebulized acetylcysteine solution combined with pediatric throat clearing and antipyretic oral solution on Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second(FEV₁), Forced Vital Capacity(FVC), and Maximal Mid-Expiratory Flow(MMEF) levels in children with bronchopneumonia. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 104 children with bronchopneumonia admitted to the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Nan'an City from July 2023 to October 2024. The children were divided into a control group (n=52) and a combination group (n=52) based on different treatment methods. The control group was treated with nebulized acetylcysteine solution, while the combination group received additional pediatric throat clearing and antipyretic oral solution on the basis of the control group's treatment. Compare and contrast the relevant indicators. Results The levels of lung function and clinical symptoms to disappear in the combination group after treatment were better than those in the control group (P<0.05). In terms of safety assessment, the overall incidence of adverse reactions in each group of children showed no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions The combination of nebulized acetylcysteine solution and pediatric throat clearing and antipyretic oral solution can improve the lung function indicators FEV₁, FVC, and MMEF levels in children with bronchopneumonia, with a faster recovery time and good safety.