目的 评价人工股骨头置换术在老年人股骨颈骨折中的临床应用效果。方法 以2021年5月至2024年5月为研究日期,录入东营市第二人民医院收治的老年人股骨颈骨折患者（n=50）为研究对象。通过执行抽签分组流程,将患者均衡分配至两组,不同小组的样本量均等,各为25例。接受人工全髋关节置换术治疗的患者加入对照组。试验组则采取人工股骨头置换术进行干预。评价每组的手术相关指标、早期并发症结果、髋关节功能等。结果 在并发症结果等维度,两组数据对比,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察两组手术相关指标,可见试验组术中失血量比对照组少,费用低于对照组,并且手术时间较对照组短（P<0.05）。评定每一组髋关节功能情况,随访3个月的情况下,证实试验组评分比对照组高（P<0.05）。结论 人工股骨头置换术应用在老年人股骨颈骨折中具有良好的效果。此种手术形式可减少治疗费用,经济性明显,并且有助于提高患者髋关节功能。针对不稳定性老年人股骨颈骨折,且全身状态较差,有较多合并症的患者而言,通过该种术式能够改善其预后,提高其治疗效果。

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of artificial femoral head replacement in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures. Methods A total of 50 elderly patients with femoral neck fractures admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Dongying City from May 2021 to May 2024 were enrolled as study participants. These patients were randomly divided into two groups using a lottery method, with 25 cases in each group. The control group underwent total hip arthroplasty, while the test group received artificial femoral head replacement. Operative indicators, early complication outcomes, and hip function were assessed in both groups. Results In terms of dimensions such as complication outcomes, the comparison between the two sets of data shows no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). However, the test group exhibited less blood loss, lower costs, and shorter operation times compared to the control group (P<0.05). Hip function scores were evaluated after a 3-month follow-up, revealing higher scores in the test group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Artificial femoral head replacement demonstrates favorable clinical outcomes for elderly patients with femoral neck fractures. This surgical approach reduces treatment costs, improves economic feasibility, and enhances hip function. For unstable elderly patients with femoral neck fractures, poor general conditions, and multiple complications, this procedure can improve prognosis and therapeutic efficacy.