中西医结合医学
探讨中医推拿联合艾灸疗法治疗小儿腹泻的临床疗效
郑松
【摘要】 目的 探讨中医推拿联合艾灸疗法治疗小儿腹泻的临床疗效。方法 选取2022年1月至2022年12月期间我院门诊收治的100例小儿腹泻患者，随机分为两组，对照组50例实施常规西药治疗，观察组实施中医推拿联合艾灸疗法治疗，观察两组患儿的治疗有效率、临床症状改善时间、血清免疫球蛋白水平、中医症状积分。
【关键字】 中医,推拿,艾灸疗法,小儿腹泻,血清免疫球蛋白水平,中医症状积分
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Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine massage combined with moxibustion in the treatment of infantile diarrhea. Methods One hundred children with diarrhea admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 were randomly divided into two groups. The control group (50 cases) was treated with conventional western medicine, and the observation group (50 cases) was treated with traditional Chinese massage combined with moxibustion. The treatment effectiveness, clinical symptom improvement time, hospital stay, serum immunoglobulin level, and TCM symptom score of the two groups were observed. Results (1) The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was 98.00% (49/50) higher than that in the control group 84.00% (42/50), which was statistically significant（χ2=9.705，P<0.05）; (2) The time to stop diarrhoea, time to stop vomiting and time to reduce fever were shorter in the observation group than in the control group, and the comparison was statistically significant (t=5.164, 4.915, 4.714, 5.081, P<0.05); (3) The levels of serum immunoglobulin IgA, IgG and IgM were not statistically significant before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the levels of serum immunoglobulin IgA, IgG and IgM in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t=4.854, 5.024, 5.027, P<0.05); (4) Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the score of stool frequency, stool texture, stool volume, stool character and other symptoms between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, the score of stool frequency, stool texture, stool volume and stool character in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, with statistical significance (t=4.854, 5.024, 5.027, 4.560, P<0.05).
小儿腹泻是由不同因素、不同病因而引发的一种常见临床疾病，特点为大便性状改变、大便次数增等，其发病率较高，仅次于呼吸道感染疾病，是我国婴幼儿疾病中一种常见的儿科疾病，其已经成为我国卫生部重点预防和治疗的对象。小儿腹泻在夏季的发病率较高，多数患儿是因进食过量、饮食成分不当导致，会引发机体电解质紊乱、脱水等情况，会对患儿的健康成长和身体发育产生一定影响。临床治疗中主要采用保护胃肠道黏膜药物、调节肠道菌群等对症疗法，患儿年龄较小，治疗依从性较差，不但给患者带来诸多痛苦，且治疗效果并不理想，增加了整体治疗难度。故此，临床有必要选择一种有效、安全的治疗方法。在中医理论中将腹泻称为泄泻，认为其易引致血津液耗损，脾肾阳虚，进而在治疗中需施以扶正固本为主[1]。其中推拿疗法具备疏经通络、清热健脾等功效，艾灸具有调理气血、温经散寒等功效，对于泄泻的治疗具有一定的安全性和有效性，也可避免药物带来的负面影响，且患儿家属对于该种中医治疗方式的接受度更高。基于此，本次研究选取2022年1月至2022年12月期间我院门诊收治的100例腹泻患儿作为研究对象，其中50例患儿给予中医推拿联合艾灸疗法治疗，并与采用常规西药治疗的患儿进行比较，探讨不同治疗方式对小儿腹泻的临床治疗疗效，具体内容如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 选取2022年1月至2022年12月期间我院门诊收治的100例小儿腹泻患者，随机分为两组，对照组50例，男性24例，女性26例，月龄10~42个月，平均（37.24±4.82）个月，病程8~20 h，平均（11.45±2.48）h，脱水程度：轻度21例，中度29例。观察组50例，男性23例，女性27例，月龄11~43个月，平均（37.16±4.79）个月，病程9~21 h，平均（11.37±2.54）h，脱水程度：轻度20例，中度30例。两组患者性别、年龄、脱水程度等一般资料比较差异性不大（P>0.05），可进行组间比较。本研究不违反国家法律法规，符合医学伦理原则。
1.2 纳入与排除标准 纳入标准：符合2015年版《诸福棠实用儿科学》中的相关诊断标准；符合2002年颁布的《中药新药临床研究指导原则(试行)》中的相关诊断标准；伴有发热、呕吐、上呼吸道症状；每日大便次数＞3次，呈蛋花样或稀水样；发病时间在24 h以内；近7 d内未接受相关药物等治疗；患儿家属已经签署知情同意书。
排除标准：伴有严重全身性疾病患儿；精神病患儿；腹泻伴严重脱水患儿；对本研究内用药过敏患儿；排除未按要求服药或自行停药者；入组后数据不完整患儿。